Сверхпроводниковая индукторная электрическая машина с комбинированным возбуждением
Ключевые слова:
индукторная электрическая машина, магнитный поток, комбинированное возбуждение, высокотемпературная сверхпроводимость, обмотка возбуждения, обмотка якоря
Аннотация
Для создания полностью электрического самолета [8—10], а также электрического морского [11— 12] и наземного транспорта необходимы компактные бесщеточные турбогенераторы и двигатели с высокой удельной мощностью, которые могут быть получены путем увеличения индукции в воздушном зазоре и линейной нагрузки статора. Наиболее перспективный способ достичь этого — использовать катушки возбуждения и обмотки якоря на основе высокотемпературных сверхпроводников (ВТСП) [1—5, 13]. Для традиционных синхронных генераторов с электромагнитным возбуждением (с ВТСП катушками на роторе) требуются вращающийся криостат и скользящие контакты. Традиционный индукторный двигатель не имеет вращающихся ВТСП катушек возбуждения и криостата, однако из-за отсутствия чередования полярности полюсов индуктора значение ЭДС сравнительно невелико. В статье описана общая конструкция индукторного двигателя с неподвижными ВТСП катушками, обеспечивающая повышенное значение удельной выходной мощности; представлены также результаты трехмерного моделирования магнитных полей.
Литература
Kovalev K., Kovalev L., Poltavets V., Samsonovich S., Ilyasov R., Levin A., Surin M. Synchronous Generator with HTS-2G field coils for Windmills with output power 1 MW. — IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 507 (2014) 032023. Doi:10.1088/1742-6596/507/3/032023.
Kozub S., Bogdanov I., Dezhin D., Kashtanov E., Kovalev K., Shuvalov V., Smirnov V., Sytnik V., Shcherbakov P., Tkachenko L. HTS Racetrack Coils for Electrical Machines. — Refrigeration Science and Technology, vоl. 2014, No.1, pp. 283—287.
Kovalev K.L., Poltavets V.N., Ilyasov R.I., Verzhbitsky L.G., Kozub S.S. 1 MVA HTS-2G Generator for Wind Turbines. - Proceedings of International Conf. on Innovations and Prospects of Development of Mining Machinery and Electrical Engineering 2017 (IPDME), Russia, 20.10.2017, pp. 1-6.
Dezhin D.S., Kovalev K.L., Verzhbitskiy L.G., Kozub S.S., Firsov V.P. Design and Testing of 200 kW Synchronous Motor with 2G HTS Field Coils. — Proceedings of International Conf. on Innovations and Prospects of Development of Mining Machinery and Electrical Engineering 2017 (IPDME), Russia, No. 87 (2017), pp. 1 - 7.
Ковалев Л.К., Ковалев К.Л., Конеев С.М.-А., Пенкин В.Т., Полтавец В.Н., Ильясов Р.И., Дежин Д.С. Электрические машины и устройства на основе массивных высокотемпературных сверхпроводников. М.: Физматлит, 2010. 369 с.
Бут Д.А. Бесконтактные электрические машины. М.: Высшая школа, 1990, 416 с.
Lokhandwalla M., Haran K.S., Alexander J.P. Scaling studies of high speed high temperature superconducting generator. - Proceedings of 20th International Conf. on Electrical Machines (ICEM 2012), 6349958, pp. 751—756.
Masson P.J., Breschi M., Tixador P., Luongo C.A. Design of HTS Axial Flux Motor for Aircraft Propulsion. — IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2007, vol. 17, No 2, pp. 1533—1536.
Иванов Н.С., Кобзева И.Н., Ковалев К.Л., Семенихин В.С. Аналитическая методика расчета полностью сверхпроводнико- вой электрической машины для летательных аппаратов. Инновационные технологии в энергетике. Кн. 3. Прикладная высокотемпературная сверхпроводимость. М.: Наука, 2016, 142 с.
Felder J.L., Kim H.D., Brown G.V. Turboelectric distributed propulsion engine cycle analysis for hybrid-wing-body aircraft. — 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, 2009.
Sivasubramaniam K., Laskaris E.T., Bray J.W. High power density HTS iron core machines for marine applications. — 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, ES 4276059.
Herbst J.D., Gattozzi A.L., Hebner R.E. Megawatt Power Module for Ship Service Supplement. — Program Technical Report, January 2009, Center of Electromechanics, The University of Texas at Austin.
Kovalev K.l., Verzhbitsky L.G., Kozub S.S., Penkin V.T., Larionov A.E., Modestov K.A., Ivanov N.S., Tulinova E.E., Dubensky A.A. Brushless superconducting synchronous generator with claw-shaped poles and permanent magnets. — IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2524656, April 2016 Article#: 5202405.
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Kovalev K., Kovalev L., Poltavets V., Samsonovich S., Ilyasov R., Levin A., Surin M. Synchronous Generator with HTS-2G field coils for Windmills with output power 1 MW. — IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 507 (2014) 032023. Doi:10.1088/1742-6596/507/3/032023.
Kozub S., Bogdanov I., Dezhin D., Kashtanov E., Kovalev K., Shuvalov V., Smirnov V., Sytnik V., Shcherbakov P., Tkachenko L. HTS Racetrack Coils for Electrical Machines. — Refrigeration Science and Technology, vоl. 2014, No.1, pp. 283—287.
Kovalev K.L., Poltavets V.N., Ilyasov R.I., Verzhbitsky L.G., Kozub S.S. 1 MVA HTS-2G Generator for Wind Turbines. — Development of Mining Machinery and Electrical Engineering 2017 (IPDME), Russia, 20.10.2017, pp. 1-6. Proceedings of International Conf. on Innovations and Prospects of Development of Mining Machinery and Electrical Engineering 2017 (IPDME), Russia, 20.10.2017, pp. 1-6.
Dezhin D.S., Kovalev K.L., Verzhbitskiy L.G., Kozub S.S., Firsov V.P. Design and Testing of 200 kW Synchronous Motor with 2G HTS Field Coils. — Proceedings of International Conf. on Innovations and Prospects of Development of Mining Machinery and Electrical Engineering 2017 (IPDME), Russia, No. 87 (2017), pp. 1-7.
Kovalev L.K.Kovalev K.L., Koneyev S. M-A., Penkin V.T., Poltavets V.M., Il’yasov R.I., Dezhin D.S. Elektricheskiye mashiny i ustroystva na osnove massivnykh vysokotemperaturnykh sverkhprovodnikov (Electric machines and out-of-date facilities based on massive high-temperature superconductors). Moscow, Fizmatlit, 2010. 369 p.
But D.A. Beskontaktnye elektricheskiye mashiny (A contactless electrical machines). Moscow, Vysshaya shkolam 1990, 416 p.
Lokhandwalla M., Haran K. S., Alexander J.P. Scaling studies of high speed high temperature superconducting generator. - Proceedings of 20th International Conf. on Electrical Machines (ICEM 2012), 6349958, pp. 751—756.
Masson P.J., Breschi M., Tixador P., Luongo C.A. Design of HTS Axial Flux Motor for Aircraft Propulsion. — IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2007, vol. 17, No 2, pp. 1533—1536.
Ivanov N.S., Kobzeva I.N., Kovalev K.L., Semenikhin V.S. Analiticheskaya metodika rascheta polnost’yu sverkhprovodnikovoy elektricheskoy mashiny dlya letatel’nykh apparatov. Innovatsionnye tekhnologii v energetike. Kn. 3. Prikladnaya vysokotemperaturnaya sverkhprovodimost’ (Analytical technique for design calculation of a fully superconducting electrical machine for aircrafts. Innovative technologies in power engineering. Applied high-temperature superconductivity). Moscow, Nauka, 2016, 142 p.
Felder J.L., Kim H.D., Brown G.V. Turboelectric distributed propulsion engine cycle analysis for hybrid-wing-body aircraft. — 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, 2009.
Sivasubramaniam K., Laskaris E.T., Bray J.W. High power density HTS iron core machines for marine applications. — 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, ES 4276059.
Herbst J.D., Gattozzi A.L., Hebner R.E. Megawatt Power Module for Ship Service Supplement. — Program Technical Report, January 2009, Center of Electromechanics, The University of Texas at Austin.
Kovalev K.l., Verzhbitsky L.G., Kozub S.S., Penkin V.T., Larionov A.E., Modestov K.A., Ivanov N.S., Tulinova E.E., Dubensky A.A. Brushless superconducting synchronous generator with claw-shaped poles and permanent magnets. — IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2524656, April 2016 Article#: 5202405.
Kozub S., Bogdanov I., Dezhin D., Kashtanov E., Kovalev K., Shuvalov V., Smirnov V., Sytnik V., Shcherbakov P., Tkachenko L. HTS Racetrack Coils for Electrical Machines. — Refrigeration Science and Technology, vоl. 2014, No.1, pp. 283—287.
Kovalev K.L., Poltavets V.N., Ilyasov R.I., Verzhbitsky L.G., Kozub S.S. 1 MVA HTS-2G Generator for Wind Turbines. - Proceedings of International Conf. on Innovations and Prospects of Development of Mining Machinery and Electrical Engineering 2017 (IPDME), Russia, 20.10.2017, pp. 1-6.
Dezhin D.S., Kovalev K.L., Verzhbitskiy L.G., Kozub S.S., Firsov V.P. Design and Testing of 200 kW Synchronous Motor with 2G HTS Field Coils. — Proceedings of International Conf. on Innovations and Prospects of Development of Mining Machinery and Electrical Engineering 2017 (IPDME), Russia, No. 87 (2017), pp. 1 - 7.
Ковалев Л.К., Ковалев К.Л., Конеев С.М.-А., Пенкин В.Т., Полтавец В.Н., Ильясов Р.И., Дежин Д.С. Электрические машины и устройства на основе массивных высокотемпературных сверхпроводников. М.: Физматлит, 2010. 369 с.
Бут Д.А. Бесконтактные электрические машины. М.: Высшая школа, 1990, 416 с.
Lokhandwalla M., Haran K.S., Alexander J.P. Scaling studies of high speed high temperature superconducting generator. - Proceedings of 20th International Conf. on Electrical Machines (ICEM 2012), 6349958, pp. 751—756.
Masson P.J., Breschi M., Tixador P., Luongo C.A. Design of HTS Axial Flux Motor for Aircraft Propulsion. — IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2007, vol. 17, No 2, pp. 1533—1536.
Иванов Н.С., Кобзева И.Н., Ковалев К.Л., Семенихин В.С. Аналитическая методика расчета полностью сверхпроводнико- вой электрической машины для летательных аппаратов. Инновационные технологии в энергетике. Кн. 3. Прикладная высокотемпературная сверхпроводимость. М.: Наука, 2016, 142 с.
Felder J.L., Kim H.D., Brown G.V. Turboelectric distributed propulsion engine cycle analysis for hybrid-wing-body aircraft. — 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, 2009.
Sivasubramaniam K., Laskaris E.T., Bray J.W. High power density HTS iron core machines for marine applications. — 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, ES 4276059.
Herbst J.D., Gattozzi A.L., Hebner R.E. Megawatt Power Module for Ship Service Supplement. — Program Technical Report, January 2009, Center of Electromechanics, The University of Texas at Austin.
Kovalev K.l., Verzhbitsky L.G., Kozub S.S., Penkin V.T., Larionov A.E., Modestov K.A., Ivanov N.S., Tulinova E.E., Dubensky A.A. Brushless superconducting synchronous generator with claw-shaped poles and permanent magnets. — IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2524656, April 2016 Article#: 5202405.
#
Kovalev K., Kovalev L., Poltavets V., Samsonovich S., Ilyasov R., Levin A., Surin M. Synchronous Generator with HTS-2G field coils for Windmills with output power 1 MW. — IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 507 (2014) 032023. Doi:10.1088/1742-6596/507/3/032023.
Kozub S., Bogdanov I., Dezhin D., Kashtanov E., Kovalev K., Shuvalov V., Smirnov V., Sytnik V., Shcherbakov P., Tkachenko L. HTS Racetrack Coils for Electrical Machines. — Refrigeration Science and Technology, vоl. 2014, No.1, pp. 283—287.
Kovalev K.L., Poltavets V.N., Ilyasov R.I., Verzhbitsky L.G., Kozub S.S. 1 MVA HTS-2G Generator for Wind Turbines. — Development of Mining Machinery and Electrical Engineering 2017 (IPDME), Russia, 20.10.2017, pp. 1-6. Proceedings of International Conf. on Innovations and Prospects of Development of Mining Machinery and Electrical Engineering 2017 (IPDME), Russia, 20.10.2017, pp. 1-6.
Dezhin D.S., Kovalev K.L., Verzhbitskiy L.G., Kozub S.S., Firsov V.P. Design and Testing of 200 kW Synchronous Motor with 2G HTS Field Coils. — Proceedings of International Conf. on Innovations and Prospects of Development of Mining Machinery and Electrical Engineering 2017 (IPDME), Russia, No. 87 (2017), pp. 1-7.
Kovalev L.K.Kovalev K.L., Koneyev S. M-A., Penkin V.T., Poltavets V.M., Il’yasov R.I., Dezhin D.S. Elektricheskiye mashiny i ustroystva na osnove massivnykh vysokotemperaturnykh sverkhprovodnikov (Electric machines and out-of-date facilities based on massive high-temperature superconductors). Moscow, Fizmatlit, 2010. 369 p.
But D.A. Beskontaktnye elektricheskiye mashiny (A contactless electrical machines). Moscow, Vysshaya shkolam 1990, 416 p.
Lokhandwalla M., Haran K. S., Alexander J.P. Scaling studies of high speed high temperature superconducting generator. - Proceedings of 20th International Conf. on Electrical Machines (ICEM 2012), 6349958, pp. 751—756.
Masson P.J., Breschi M., Tixador P., Luongo C.A. Design of HTS Axial Flux Motor for Aircraft Propulsion. — IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2007, vol. 17, No 2, pp. 1533—1536.
Ivanov N.S., Kobzeva I.N., Kovalev K.L., Semenikhin V.S. Analiticheskaya metodika rascheta polnost’yu sverkhprovodnikovoy elektricheskoy mashiny dlya letatel’nykh apparatov. Innovatsionnye tekhnologii v energetike. Kn. 3. Prikladnaya vysokotemperaturnaya sverkhprovodimost’ (Analytical technique for design calculation of a fully superconducting electrical machine for aircrafts. Innovative technologies in power engineering. Applied high-temperature superconductivity). Moscow, Nauka, 2016, 142 p.
Felder J.L., Kim H.D., Brown G.V. Turboelectric distributed propulsion engine cycle analysis for hybrid-wing-body aircraft. — 47th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting Including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, Orlando, 2009.
Sivasubramaniam K., Laskaris E.T., Bray J.W. High power density HTS iron core machines for marine applications. — 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, ES 4276059.
Herbst J.D., Gattozzi A.L., Hebner R.E. Megawatt Power Module for Ship Service Supplement. — Program Technical Report, January 2009, Center of Electromechanics, The University of Texas at Austin.
Kovalev K.l., Verzhbitsky L.G., Kozub S.S., Penkin V.T., Larionov A.E., Modestov K.A., Ivanov N.S., Tulinova E.E., Dubensky A.A. Brushless superconducting synchronous generator with claw-shaped poles and permanent magnets. — IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. DOI: 10.1109/TASC.2016.2524656, April 2016 Article#: 5202405.
