Poynting’s Vector and the New Theory of a Transformer. Part 8. Alternating Windings

  • Mansur A. SHAKIROV
Keywords: transformer, disk winding, magnetic flux, equivalent circuit, short circuit, Poynting’s vector, vector potentia

Abstract

A correct theory of a transformer with alternating windings is developed. The theory is based on the following two key concepts: the idea of transmitting power from the primary winding to the secondary winding through Poynting’s vector and the idea of the main role played by the vector potential in the description of physical processes. It is proposed to consider such transformer as a particular case of a multiwinding transformer, the windings in which are divided into groups with internal connections, one of which forms the primary circuit, and the other one forms the secondary circuit. As a result, it became possible to directly obtain the universal equivalent circuits of the transformer from the circuit models of the previously considered multiwinding transformer (see Elektrichestvo No. 4, 2017). The universal nature of the circuits means that, first, they reflect all magnetic fluxes in the device steel and aperture, and, second, they are equally suitable for both cylindrical and disk transformers with alternating windings. The latter has been demonstrated proceeding from the principle of equivalence of these devices that was formulated in the author’s article (see Elektrichestvo No. 3, 2019). It has been proven that in comparison with usual transformers, additional superfluxes (i.e., fluxes exceeding the no-load flux) arise in transformers with alternating windings under short circuit conditions, a circumstance that must be taken into account in analyzing their electrodynamic stability to emergency conditions.

Author Biography

Mansur A. SHAKIROV

SHAKIROV Mansur A. (Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia) — Professor, Dr. Sci. (Eng.)

References

1. Васютинский С.В. Вопросы теории и расчета трансфор­маторов. М.: Энергия, Ленинградское отделение, 1970, 432 с.

2. Сергеенков Б.Н., Киселев В.М., Акимова Н.А. Электрические машины. Трансформаторы/Под ред. И.П. Копылова. М.: Высшая школа, 1989, 352 с.

3. Рыськова З.А., Федоров П.Д., Жимерова В.И. Трансформаторы для электрической контактной сврки. Л.: Энергоатомиздат, 1990, 424 с.

4. Климов А.С., Смирнов И.В., Кудинов А.К., Кудинова Г.Э. Основы технологии и построения оборудования для контакт­ной сварки. Тольятти: ТГУ, 2007, 260 с.

5. Boyajian A. Resolution of transformer reactances into primary and secondary reactances. — AIEE Trans., Jun. 1925, pp. 805—810.

6. Марквардт Е.Г. Электромагнитные расчеты трансформаторов. М.: ОНТИ, Редакция энергетической литературы, 1938, 436 с.

7. Cherry E.C. The duality between interlinked electric and magnetic circuits and the formulation of transformer equivalent circuits. — Proc. of the Physical Society, Feb. 1949, vol. (B) 62, pp. 101-111.

8. Blume L.F., Boyajian A., Gamilly G., Lenox T.C. Minnec S. Montsinger M.V. Transformer Engineering: A treatise on the Theory, Operation and Application of Transformer. New York: Wiley, 1951.

9. Вольдек А.И. Схемы замещения индуктивно связанных цепей и их параметры. Таллин, Эстонское гос. изд-во, 1952, 36 с.

10. Slemon G.R. Equivalent Circuits for Transformers and machines including nonlinear effects. — Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng., 1953, IV, vol. 100, pp. 129—143.

11. Пенчев П.Р. Въерху разсейването в трансформаторите. София: Техника, 1969, 123 с.

12. Лейтес Л.В. Эквивалентная схема двухобмоточного трансформатора, опыты х.х. и к.з. — Труды ВЭИ. М.: Энергия, 1969, с. 277—297.

13. Лейтес Л.В., Пинцов А.М. Схемы замещения многооб­моточных трансформаторов. М.: Энергия, 1974, 192 с.

14. Leon F., Gomez P., Martinez-Velasco, Rioual M. Transformers in Power System ransients: Parameter Determination. Ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 2009, ch. 4, pp. 177—250.

15. Leon F., Farazmand A., Joseph. Comparing the T and Equivalent Circuits for the Calculation of Transformer Inrush Currents. — IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, October 2012, vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 2390—2397.

16. Электродинамическая стойкость трансформаторов и ре­акторов при коротких замыканиях/Под ред. А.И. Лурье. М.: Знак, 2005, 520 с.

17. Шакиров М.А. Вектор Пойнтинга и новая теория транс­форматоров. Ч. 1. — Электричество, 2014, № 9, с. 52—59.

18. Шакиров М.А. Вектор Пойнтинга и новая теория транс­форматоров. Ч. 2. — Электричество, 2014, № 10, с. 53—65.

19. Шакиров М.А. Вектор Пойнтинга и новая теория транс­форматоров. Ч. 3. «Анатомия» трансформатора. — Электричест­во, 2017, № 3, с. 37—49.

20. Шакиров М.А. Вектор Пойнтинга и новая теория транс­форматоров. Ч. 4. Многобмоточный трансформатор. — Элек­тричество, 2016, № 9, с. 34—47.

21. Шакиров М.А. Вектор Пойнтинга и новая теория транс­форматоров. Ч. 7. Дисковая обмотка. — Электричество, 2019, № 3, с. 36—45.

22. Шакиров М.А., ТкачукА.А. Ф-инвариантные поверхно­сти в обмотках броневого двухобмоточного трансформатора. — Изв. ПГУПС, 2018, вып. 4, с. 643—659.
#
1. Vasyutinskiy S.V. Voprosy teorii i rascheta transformatorov (Questions of theory and calculation of transformators). Moscow, Energiya (Leningrad branch), 1970, 432 p.

2. Sergeyenkov B.N., Kiselev V.M., Akimova N.A. Elektricheskiye mashiny. Transformatory/Pod red. I.P. Kopylova (Electrical machines. Transformators/Edit. by I.P. Kopylov). Moscow, Vysshaya shkola, 1989, 352 p.

3. Rys’kova Z.A., Fedorov P.D., Zhimerova V.I. Transformatory dlya elektricheskoi kontaktnoi svarki (Transformators for electrical contact welding). Leningrad, Energoatomizdat, 1990, 424 p.

4. Klimov A.S., Smirnov I.V., Kudinov A.K., Kudinova G.E. Osnovy tekhnologii i postroeniya oborudovaniya dlya kontaktnoi svarki (Fundamentals of technology and construction of equipment for contact welding). Tol’yatti, Tol’yatti State University, 2007, 260 p.

5. Boyajian A. Resolution of transformer reactances into primary and secondary reactances. AIEE Trans., Jun. 1925, pp. 805—810,

6. Markvardt Ye.G. Elektromagnitnye raschety transformatorov (Electromagnetic calculations of transformaters). Moscow, ONTI, Editing of the energy literature, 1938, 436 p.

7. Cherry E.C. The duality between interlinked electric and magnetic circuits and the formulation of transformer equivalent circuits. Proc. of the Physical Society, Feb. 1949, vol. (B) 62, pp. 101-111.

8. Blume L.F., Boyajian A., Gamilly G., Lenox T.C., Minnec S., Montsinger M.V. Transformer Engineering: A treatise on the Theory, Operation and Application of Transformer. New York: Wiley, 1951.

9. Vol’dek A.I. Skhemy zameshcheniya induktivno svyazannykh tsepei i ikh parametry (Equivalent circuits of inductively coupled circuits and their parameters). Tallin, Estonskoe gos. izd-vo, 1952, 36 p.

10. Slemon G.R. Equivalent Circuits for Transformers and machines including nonlinear effects. Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng., 1953, IV, vol 100, pp. 129-143.

11. Penchev P.R. V’erkhu razseivaneto v transformatorite. Sofiya, Tekhnika, 1969, 123 p.

12. Leites L.V. Trudy VEI — in Russ. (Proceedings of All-Russian Electrotechnical Institute). Moscow, Energiya, 1969, pp. 277-297.

13. Leites L.V., Pintsov A.M. Skhemy zameshcheniya mnogoobmotochnykh transformatorov (Equivalent circuit of multi-winding transformers). Moscow, Energiya, 1974, 192 p.

14. Leon F., Gomez P., Martinez-Velasco, Rioual M. Transformers in Power System ransients: Parameter Determination. Ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 2009, ch. 4, pp. 177-250.

15. Leon F., Farazmand A., Joseph. Comparing the T and Equivalent Circuits for the Calculation of Transformer Inrush Currents. IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, October 2012, vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 2390-2397.

16. Elektrodinamicheskaya stoikost’ transformatorov i reaktorov pri korotkikh zamykaniyakh (Electrodinamic withstand of transformers and reactors during short-circuit faults)/Edit. by A.I. Lur’ye. Moscow, Znak, 2005, 520 p.

17. Shakirov M.A. Elektrichestvo — in Russ. (Electricity), 2014, No. 9, pp. 52-59.

18. Shakirov M.A. Elektrichestvo — in Russ. (Electricity), 2014, No. 10, pp. 53-65.

19. Shakirov M.A. Elektrichestvo — in Russ. (Electricity), 2017, No. 3, pp. 37-49.

20. Shakirov M.A. Elektrichestvo — in Russ. (Electricity), 2016, No. 9, pp. 34-47.

21. Shakirov M.A. Elektrichestvo — in Russ. (Electricity), 2019, No. 3, pp. 36-45.

22. Shakirov M.A., Tkachuk A.A. Izv. PGUPS — in Russ. (News of St. Petersburg State University of Railway Engineering), 2018, iss. 4, pp. 643-659.
Published
2019-10-01
Section
Article