Моделирование режимов работы сетевой ветроэнергетической установки с синхронным генератором на постоянных магнитах
Ключевые слова:
ветроэнергетическая установка, синхронный генератор с постоянными магнитами, режим работы, частота вращения, управление
Аннотация
Ветроэнергетические установки (ВЭУ) с синхронными генераторами на постоянных магнитах (СГПМ) широко применяются в современной ветроэнергетике. Сетевая ВЭУ с СГПМ использует силовые преобразователи для преобразования всей вырабатываемой электроэнергии во всем диапазоне изменения скорости ветра и изменения частоты вращения генератора. Силовой преобразователь на стороне генератора управляет активной мощностью генератора, подаваемой в электрическую сеть с помощью отслеживания максимальной точки мощности (MPPT), а силовой преобразователь на стороне электрической сети управляет напряжением постоянного тока и реактивной мощностью. Для анализа и исследования режимов работы сетевой ВЭУ с СГПМ и оценки возможностей регулирования частотой вращения генератора в условиях переменной скорости ветра и частотой вращения генератора при оптимальной выдаче мощности в сеть проведено компьютерное моделирование всех электроэнергетических элементов ВЭУ с помощью готовых и созданных подсистем в среде MATLAB. Реализовано управление нулевой продольной составляющей тока статора генератора для контроля силового преобразователя, подключённого к генератору, и управление положением лопастей ветроколеса и ориентированное управление по вектору напряжения сети для контроля силового преобразователя, подключённого к сети. Результаты моделирования показали, что созданная модель в MATLAB рассмотренной ВЭУ с СГПМ позволяет проводить полномасштабное преобразование мощности от 0,068 до 0,985 отн. ед. со средней ошибкой 2,58% при изменении скорости ветра от начальной (5 м/с) до номинальной (12 м/с) и позволяет регулировать частоту вращения генератора в полном диапазоне с ошибкой 0,91%. Таким образом, созданная модель в MATLAB рассмотренной ВЭУ с СГПМ является адекватной и обеспечивает достоверное моделирование режимов ВЭУ с СГПМ.
Литература
International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). — Renewable energy statistics 2018 [Электрон. ресурс] https://www.irena.Org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2 018/Jul/IRENA_Renewable_Energy_Statistics_2018.pdf (дата обращения 01.01.2019).
Renewable energy policy network for the 21st century (REN21). - Renewables 2018 Global Status Report [Электрон. ресурс] http://www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/17-8652_ GSR2018_FullReport_web_final_.pdf (дата обращения 01.01.2019).
Rekioua D. Wind Power Electric Systems: Modeling, Simulation and Control. Springer-Verlag London, 2014, 202 p.
Рамадан А., Елистратов В.В. Моделирование и управление сетевой ветроэнергетической установкой с асинхронным генератором двойного питания. — Научно-технические ведомости СПбПУ. Естественные и инженерные науки, 2018, т. 24. № 3. с. 22—37.
Рамадан А., Елистратов В.В. Компьютерное моделирование сетевой ветроэнергетической установки с асинхронным генератором. — Электричество, 2017. № 12, с. 4—11.
Елистратов В.В. Возобновляемая энергетика. 3-е изд., доп. — СПб.: Изд-во Политехн. ун-та. 2016. — 424 с.
Beainy A., Maatouk C., Moubayed N., Kaddah F. Comparison of different types of generator for wind energy conversion system topologies. — 3rd International Conf. on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC), 2016, pp. 1—6.
Chowdhury M.M., Haque M.E., Mahmud M.A. et al. Control of IPM synchronous generator based direct drive wind turbine with MTPA trajectory and maximum power extraction. — IEEE PESGM 2016 : Proc. of the IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, IEEE, Piscataway, N.J., pp. 1—5.
Wu B., Lang Y., Zargari N., Kouro S. Power Conversion and Control ofWind Energy Systems, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2011, 480 p.
Рамадан А., Денисов Р.С. Моделирование автономных энергокомплексов на основе ВЭУ для изолированных потребителей в среде MATLAB Simulink. — Вестник аграрной науки Дона, 2017, т. 3, № 39, с. 11-20.
Slah H., Mehdi D. and Lassaad S. Advanced Control of a PMSG Wind Turbine. International Journal of Modern Nonlinear Theory and Application, 2016, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp.1-10.
Ankush Kumar M., Menghal P.M., Jaya Laxmi A. et al. SVPWM based converter for PMSG based wind energy conversion system. 4th International Conference on Eco-friendly Computing and Communication Systems. Procedia Computer Science, 2015, vol. 70, pp. 676-682.
Alaa Eldien M.M. Hassan, Mahmoud A. Sayed, Essam E.M. Mohamed. Three-phase Matrix Converter Applied to Wind Energy Conversion System for Wind Speed Estimation, International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 2015, vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 117-124.
Syahputra, Rodi & Wiyagi, Rama & Sudarisman. Performance analysis of a wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator. — Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 2017, vol. 95, No. 9, pp. 1950-1957.
Ben Ali R., Schulte H., Mami A. Modeling and simulation of a small wind turbine system based on PMSG generator, Evolving and Adaptive Intelligent Systems (EAIS), Ljubljana, 2017, pp. 1—6.
Wu Y.K., Hu Y.L., Chiang M.H. Development of a PMSG-based wind turbine modeling by ADAMS, FAST and MATLAB. - Energy Procedia, 2016, vol. 100, pp. 122-126.
Suyampulingam As. & Subbiah, V. PMSG based wind turbine system connected to DC micro-grid with MPPT control. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 2018, vol. 118, No. 10, pp. 99-105.
Ben Smida M., Sakly A. Pitch Angle Control for Variable Speed Wind Turbines. - Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development (RESD), 2015, vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 81-88.
Echchaachoual Amina, El Hani Soumia, Hammouch Ahmed. Comparison of three estimators used in a sensorless MPPT strategy for a wind energy conversion chain based on a PMSG. Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, 2018, vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 20-24.
Geetha Sai Sree K., Sunilkumar M., Prasanna Lakshmi Ch. Control of a Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion System By using Sliding Mode Control (SMC). - International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), 2017, vol. 7, iss.2, pp. 83-88.
Alencar D.B.D., Afonso C.D.M., Oliveira R.L.D., Rodriguez J.M., Leite J., Filho J.R. Different models for forecasting wind power generation: Case study. Energies, 2017, No. 10, 1976.
#
International Renewable Energy Agency [Electron. resurs] https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2 018/Jul/IRENA_Renewable_Energy_Statistics_2018.pdf , (date of appeal 01.01.2019).
Renewable energy policy network for the 21st century (REN21) [Elektron. resurs] http://www.ren21.net/wp-content/ uploads/2018/06/17-8652_GSR2018_FullReport_web_final_.pdf (data of appeal 01.01.2019).
Rekioua D. Wind Power Electric Systems. — Modeling, Simulation and Control. London, Springer-Verlag, 2014, 202 p.
Ramadan A., Elistratov V.V. Nauchno-tekhn. vedomosti SPbPU — in Russ. (St. Petersburg polytechnic university journal Natural and Engineering Sciences), 2018, vol. 24, No. 03, pp. 22—37. DOI: 10.18721/JEST.240302.
Ramadan A., Elistratov V.V. Elektrichestvo — in Russ. (Electricity), 2017, No. 12, ss. 4—11.
Elistratov V.V. Vozobnovlyayemaya energetika. — in Russ. (Proceeded in energy), 3rd izd. — SPb.: Publ. Politechn. Institute, 2016, 424 p.
Beainy A., Maatouk C., Moubayed N., Kaddah F. Comparison of different types of generator for wind energy conversion system topologies. 3rd International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC), 2016, pp. 1—6.
Chowdhury M.M., Haque M.E., Mahmud M.A., et al. Control of IPM synchronous generator based direct drive wind turbine with MTPA trajectory and maximum power extraction. — Proc. of the IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, Piscataway, N.J., pp. 1—5.
Wu B., Lang Y., Zargari N., Kouro S. Power Conversion and Control ofWind Energy Systems. Wiley-IEEE Press, 2011, 480 p.
Ramadan A., Denisov R.S. Vestnik agrarnoy nauki Dona — in Russ. (Bulletin of agrarian science of Don), 2017, vol. 3, No. 39. pp. 11-20.
Slah H., Mehdi D., Lassaad S. Advanced Control of a PMSG Wind Turbine. International Journal of Modern Nonlinear Theory and Application, 2016, vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1-10.
Ankush Kumar M., Menghal P.M., Jaya Laxmi A. et al. SVPWM based converter for PMSG based wind energy conversion system. 4th International Conference on Eco-friendly Computing and Communication Systems. Procedia Computer Science, 2015, vol. 70, pp. 676-682.
Alaa Eldien M.M. Hassan, Mahmoud A. Sayed, Essam E.M. Mohamed. Three-phase Matrix Converter Applied to Wind Energy Conversion System for Wind Speed Estimation, International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy. 2015, vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 117-124.
Syahputra, Rodi & Wiyagi, Rama & Sudarisman. Performance analysis of a wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 2017, vol. 95, No. 9, pp. 1950-1957.
Ben Ali R., Schulte H., Mami A. Modeling and simulation of a small wind turbine system based on PMSG generator, Evolving and Adaptive Intelligent Systems (EAIS), Ljubljana, 2017, pp. 1-6.
Wu Y.K., Hu Y.L., Chiang M.H. Development of a PMSG-based wind turbine modeling by ADAMS, FAST and MATLAB, Energy Procedia, 2016, vol. 100, pp. 122-126.
Suyampulingam As & Subbiah V. PMSG based wind turbine system connected to DC micro-grid with MPPT control. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics. 2018, vol. 118, No. 10, pp. 99-105.
Ben Smida M., Sakly A. Pitch Angle Control for Variable Speed Wind Turbines, Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development (RESD), 2015, vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 81-88,
Echchaachoual Amina, El Hani Soumia, Hammouch Ahmed. Comparison of three estimators used in a sensorless MPPT strategy for a wind energy conversion chain based on a PMSG. Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, 2018, vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 20-24.
Geetha Sai Sree K., Sunilkumar M., Prasanna Lakshmi Ch. Control of a Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion System By using Sliding Mode Control (SMC). - International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), 2017, vol. 7, iss.2, pp. 83-88.
Alencar D.B.D., Afonso C.D.M., Oliveira R.L.D., Rodmguez J.M., Leite J., Filho J.R. Different models for forecasting wind power generation: Case study. - Energies, 2017, No. 10, 1976.
Renewable energy policy network for the 21st century (REN21). - Renewables 2018 Global Status Report [Электрон. ресурс] http://www.ren21.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/17-8652_ GSR2018_FullReport_web_final_.pdf (дата обращения 01.01.2019).
Rekioua D. Wind Power Electric Systems: Modeling, Simulation and Control. Springer-Verlag London, 2014, 202 p.
Рамадан А., Елистратов В.В. Моделирование и управление сетевой ветроэнергетической установкой с асинхронным генератором двойного питания. — Научно-технические ведомости СПбПУ. Естественные и инженерные науки, 2018, т. 24. № 3. с. 22—37.
Рамадан А., Елистратов В.В. Компьютерное моделирование сетевой ветроэнергетической установки с асинхронным генератором. — Электричество, 2017. № 12, с. 4—11.
Елистратов В.В. Возобновляемая энергетика. 3-е изд., доп. — СПб.: Изд-во Политехн. ун-та. 2016. — 424 с.
Beainy A., Maatouk C., Moubayed N., Kaddah F. Comparison of different types of generator for wind energy conversion system topologies. — 3rd International Conf. on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC), 2016, pp. 1—6.
Chowdhury M.M., Haque M.E., Mahmud M.A. et al. Control of IPM synchronous generator based direct drive wind turbine with MTPA trajectory and maximum power extraction. — IEEE PESGM 2016 : Proc. of the IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, IEEE, Piscataway, N.J., pp. 1—5.
Wu B., Lang Y., Zargari N., Kouro S. Power Conversion and Control ofWind Energy Systems, Wiley-IEEE Press, 2011, 480 p.
Рамадан А., Денисов Р.С. Моделирование автономных энергокомплексов на основе ВЭУ для изолированных потребителей в среде MATLAB Simulink. — Вестник аграрной науки Дона, 2017, т. 3, № 39, с. 11-20.
Slah H., Mehdi D. and Lassaad S. Advanced Control of a PMSG Wind Turbine. International Journal of Modern Nonlinear Theory and Application, 2016, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp.1-10.
Ankush Kumar M., Menghal P.M., Jaya Laxmi A. et al. SVPWM based converter for PMSG based wind energy conversion system. 4th International Conference on Eco-friendly Computing and Communication Systems. Procedia Computer Science, 2015, vol. 70, pp. 676-682.
Alaa Eldien M.M. Hassan, Mahmoud A. Sayed, Essam E.M. Mohamed. Three-phase Matrix Converter Applied to Wind Energy Conversion System for Wind Speed Estimation, International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy, 2015, vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 117-124.
Syahputra, Rodi & Wiyagi, Rama & Sudarisman. Performance analysis of a wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator. — Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 2017, vol. 95, No. 9, pp. 1950-1957.
Ben Ali R., Schulte H., Mami A. Modeling and simulation of a small wind turbine system based on PMSG generator, Evolving and Adaptive Intelligent Systems (EAIS), Ljubljana, 2017, pp. 1—6.
Wu Y.K., Hu Y.L., Chiang M.H. Development of a PMSG-based wind turbine modeling by ADAMS, FAST and MATLAB. - Energy Procedia, 2016, vol. 100, pp. 122-126.
Suyampulingam As. & Subbiah, V. PMSG based wind turbine system connected to DC micro-grid with MPPT control. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 2018, vol. 118, No. 10, pp. 99-105.
Ben Smida M., Sakly A. Pitch Angle Control for Variable Speed Wind Turbines. - Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development (RESD), 2015, vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 81-88.
Echchaachoual Amina, El Hani Soumia, Hammouch Ahmed. Comparison of three estimators used in a sensorless MPPT strategy for a wind energy conversion chain based on a PMSG. Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, 2018, vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 20-24.
Geetha Sai Sree K., Sunilkumar M., Prasanna Lakshmi Ch. Control of a Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion System By using Sliding Mode Control (SMC). - International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), 2017, vol. 7, iss.2, pp. 83-88.
Alencar D.B.D., Afonso C.D.M., Oliveira R.L.D., Rodriguez J.M., Leite J., Filho J.R. Different models for forecasting wind power generation: Case study. Energies, 2017, No. 10, 1976.
#
International Renewable Energy Agency [Electron. resurs] https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2 018/Jul/IRENA_Renewable_Energy_Statistics_2018.pdf , (date of appeal 01.01.2019).
Renewable energy policy network for the 21st century (REN21) [Elektron. resurs] http://www.ren21.net/wp-content/ uploads/2018/06/17-8652_GSR2018_FullReport_web_final_.pdf (data of appeal 01.01.2019).
Rekioua D. Wind Power Electric Systems. — Modeling, Simulation and Control. London, Springer-Verlag, 2014, 202 p.
Ramadan A., Elistratov V.V. Nauchno-tekhn. vedomosti SPbPU — in Russ. (St. Petersburg polytechnic university journal Natural and Engineering Sciences), 2018, vol. 24, No. 03, pp. 22—37. DOI: 10.18721/JEST.240302.
Ramadan A., Elistratov V.V. Elektrichestvo — in Russ. (Electricity), 2017, No. 12, ss. 4—11.
Elistratov V.V. Vozobnovlyayemaya energetika. — in Russ. (Proceeded in energy), 3rd izd. — SPb.: Publ. Politechn. Institute, 2016, 424 p.
Beainy A., Maatouk C., Moubayed N., Kaddah F. Comparison of different types of generator for wind energy conversion system topologies. 3rd International Conference on Renewable Energies for Developing Countries (REDEC), 2016, pp. 1—6.
Chowdhury M.M., Haque M.E., Mahmud M.A., et al. Control of IPM synchronous generator based direct drive wind turbine with MTPA trajectory and maximum power extraction. — Proc. of the IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, Piscataway, N.J., pp. 1—5.
Wu B., Lang Y., Zargari N., Kouro S. Power Conversion and Control ofWind Energy Systems. Wiley-IEEE Press, 2011, 480 p.
Ramadan A., Denisov R.S. Vestnik agrarnoy nauki Dona — in Russ. (Bulletin of agrarian science of Don), 2017, vol. 3, No. 39. pp. 11-20.
Slah H., Mehdi D., Lassaad S. Advanced Control of a PMSG Wind Turbine. International Journal of Modern Nonlinear Theory and Application, 2016, vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 1-10.
Ankush Kumar M., Menghal P.M., Jaya Laxmi A. et al. SVPWM based converter for PMSG based wind energy conversion system. 4th International Conference on Eco-friendly Computing and Communication Systems. Procedia Computer Science, 2015, vol. 70, pp. 676-682.
Alaa Eldien M.M. Hassan, Mahmoud A. Sayed, Essam E.M. Mohamed. Three-phase Matrix Converter Applied to Wind Energy Conversion System for Wind Speed Estimation, International Journal of Sustainable and Green Energy. 2015, vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 117-124.
Syahputra, Rodi & Wiyagi, Rama & Sudarisman. Performance analysis of a wind turbine with permanent magnet synchronous generator. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, 2017, vol. 95, No. 9, pp. 1950-1957.
Ben Ali R., Schulte H., Mami A. Modeling and simulation of a small wind turbine system based on PMSG generator, Evolving and Adaptive Intelligent Systems (EAIS), Ljubljana, 2017, pp. 1-6.
Wu Y.K., Hu Y.L., Chiang M.H. Development of a PMSG-based wind turbine modeling by ADAMS, FAST and MATLAB, Energy Procedia, 2016, vol. 100, pp. 122-126.
Suyampulingam As & Subbiah V. PMSG based wind turbine system connected to DC micro-grid with MPPT control. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics. 2018, vol. 118, No. 10, pp. 99-105.
Ben Smida M., Sakly A. Pitch Angle Control for Variable Speed Wind Turbines, Journal of Renewable Energy and Sustainable Development (RESD), 2015, vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 81-88,
Echchaachoual Amina, El Hani Soumia, Hammouch Ahmed. Comparison of three estimators used in a sensorless MPPT strategy for a wind energy conversion chain based on a PMSG. Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, 2018, vol. 1, No. 3, pp. 20-24.
Geetha Sai Sree K., Sunilkumar M., Prasanna Lakshmi Ch. Control of a Grid Connected Wind Energy Conversion System By using Sliding Mode Control (SMC). - International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), 2017, vol. 7, iss.2, pp. 83-88.
Alencar D.B.D., Afonso C.D.M., Oliveira R.L.D., Rodmguez J.M., Leite J., Filho J.R. Different models for forecasting wind power generation: Case study. - Energies, 2017, No. 10, 1976.
